COVID-19 And Health

What is the Nervous system?

 The nervous system is an intricate, Highly organized network of billions of neurons and even more neuroglia. The structure that makes up the nervous system includes the brain, cranial nerves and their branches, the spinal cord, spinal nerves and their branches, ganglia, enteric plexuses, and sensory receptors. The nervous tissue forming the nervous system is composed of :

Neurons, the functional cells and

Neuroglia, the supportive cells.      

   

Nervous System Definition:-

       The nervous system is the system of extremely delicate nerve cells elaborately interlaced with each other which regulates and coordinates body activities and brings about responses by which the body adjusts to the changes of environment either external or internal.

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Classification of the nervous system:-

     CNS (Central Nervous system) 

     PNS (Peripheral nervous system)

   CNS Classification: 

      Brain

    Spinal cord

 

    1.  Brain:-  

   The brain  stem

   Diencephalon

   Cerebrum

   Cerebellum

   PNS Classification:-

    Somatic

    Autonomic

  

     1. Somatic:-

         Spinal nerves 31 pairs

         Cranial Nerves 12 pairs

     2. Autonomic:-

            Sympathetic

            Para-sympathetic

 Functions of the nervous system 

The nervous system carries out a complex array of tasks, Such as sensing various smells, Producing speech, And remembering past events; Besides, it provides signals that control body movements and regulates the operation of internal organs. These diverse activities can be grouped into three functions: 

Sensory

integrative

motor

  

 1. Sensory Function

   Sensory receptors detect internal stimuli, Such as an increase in blood acidity, and external stimuli, Such as a raindrop landing on your arm. this sensory information is then carried into the brain and spinal cord through cranial and spinal nerves.

  2. Integrative function

    The nervous system integrates ( Processes ) Sensory information by analyzing and storing some of it and by making decisions for appropriate responses. An important negative function is a perception, the conscious awareness of sensory stimuli. Perception occurs in the brain.

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   3. Motor Function

Once sensory information is integrated, the nervous system may elicit an appropriate motor response by activating effectors ( Muscles and glands ) through cranial and spinal nerves,

Stimulation of the effectors causes muscles to contract and glands to secrete.

  

Difference Between the somatic nervous system and Autonomic nervous system:-

      There is one primary difference between the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The somatic nervous system includes all the functions of the body that are

done voluntarily, like moving a leg of a finger. The autonomic nervous system includes all the functions of the body that are done involuntarily, like breathing or heartbeat. 

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