Digital Technology from USA

Can rockets return to Earth or can they be brought back?

Until 2015, rocket boosters sent into space were exposed to space. Which causes a lot of space waste. In other words, until 2015, no rocket would return to Earth after going into space. Although some rockets from NASA's space shuttle program could return to Earth. But the cost of bringing a rocket back to Earth could have been used to build a few more new rockets and send them into space effortlessly.

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So NASA dropped the idea of ​​bringing the rocket back from their space-shuttle program.

In 2011, Elon Musk announced that his company was working on a Space-X re-visible rocket launching system. Reusable means to send the rooster boosters of a rocket back to Earth once sent into space and then send it back into space like a rocket booster.

In this context, in December 2015, Space-X successfully launched its newly designed reusable Falcon-9 rocket and separated the Falcon-9's first stage booster from the main booster and landed it vertically on the earth.

In March 2016, Space-X successfully reused a booster that had successfully landed on its previous Falcon-9 rocket mission. Three months later, in June, Space-X successfully reused their rocket booster for the second time. Within five months of the first launch of a Falcon-9 rocket, they reused it twice in a row. They successfully re-used the rocket for the third time in October 2016.

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Although the Space-X Falcon-9 managed to land and reuse the first stage booster, it could not land and reuse the second stage booster due to its orbital speed.

But the good news is that Space-X has announced that by 2020 they will launch a new design rocket starship that will be completely reusable, meaning that both first and second stage boosters can be successfully landed and reused. Space-X The next lunar and Mars missions will be with this starship rocket.

So far only the Space-XE reusable rocket launch system has been used successfully. In addition, three other companies - Amazon's Blue-Origin, Virgin Galactic, and India's ISRO - are working on prototypes of reusable rocket launching systems.

How long do people stay on the space station?

What is the oxygen taken with it?

Man must be trained to stay on the space station for a long time. The astronauts are given all kinds of training before they set out for the space station. There is no air in space so to get used to living in an airless environment all the time, you have to practice in an artificial airless room in the NASA laboratory for a long time.

An astronaut can go to work on a space station only when he has all the qualifications to be an astronaut. Those who are American citizens can train from NASA and for the citizens of Europe there is ESA (European Space Agency) which is located in Germany, they can train there only if they are a member country of ESA. The duration of NASA's training is about two years.

There are so many radioactive rays in space that it is still unknown exactly what damage they can do to the human body. That's why people in space have to wear special clothes - called space suits. The space suite controls the temperature and air pressure to create the Earth's environment - so that people can survive in it.

Valery Polyakov holds the record for the longest time a human spends in space, staying 438 days, almost 20 years ago.

 

The International Space Station orbits the Earth approximately 400 kilometers above the surface. The force of gravity in the spacecraft is zero. So astronauts can't do as much as we can live on Earth. They have to use a lot of tactics in their movements and normal activities. But they can also laugh, joke, have fun, login to Facebook or Quora with their space station colleagues like the people of our world in their spare time. Maybe very soon they will be able to get high-speed internet, I hear that. In their spare time, they can spend time browsing, listening to music, watching movies, or reading books. It is said that the space station orbits the earth every 45 minutes, so astronauts there can see 16 sunsets in 24 hours.

 

Water system

One liter of pure water costs 48,000 dollars to carry in a spacecraft! So it is very expensive to carry water there. So what is the water system? Astronauts use water made from sweat and urine for various purposes in space. NASA researchers have been researching urine for a long time and have developed a refining device that can turn astronaut's urine into water. This instrument or distillery works using the artificial gravity of the spacecraft. The International Space Station offers a certain amount of water bags for astronauts to use. When you put pressure on that bag, water comes out in drops which is very limited in size.

 

How they use the toilet is a secret. But the curious question is since the force of gravity is zero

Astronauts certainly can't perform simple natural tasks like us in a weightless environment. Due to the weightless environment of the spacecraft, special toilets have to be arranged. This is called 'space toilet' or 'zero-gravity toilet'. The force of gravity works on the earth, so as soon as we get the waste out of the body, it goes down. But for zero gravity in space, a kind of fan vacuum cleaner type commode is used. It removes polluted air, solid and liquid waste by force of airflow. The system of astronauts is not the same as we excrete in the same commode. They urinate in a separate vacuum tube. Girls can apply it to the urethra if they want. And this also applies to men. These wastes are recycled in various cases. It is seen in science fiction movies that delicious food is made with these wastes. Alas! Many are longing for this life.

       Is it possible to take so much oxygen with you?

Oxygen is the most essential element for human habitation in space. People can survive for two to four days without water. But without oxygen, people will not be able to survive a single moment. Although astronauts carry some oxygen into space, it is far less than necessary, with the ability to create their own oxygen, not just for short trips but for long stays.

As we see on Earth that trees emit oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide, there are also some trees on the space station whose purpose is to study whether trees can survive at zero gravity. Water cannot reach the roots of the tree due to zero gravity.

According to NASA, a person on the International Space Station needs 0.64 kg of oxygen per day.

 

We know that water molecules contain hydrogen and oxygen. Both NASA and Russia's 'Electron System' produce hydrogen and oxygen by breaking down water through electron analysis. This method is the most popular. This is how they get the oxygen they need. This is why they collect the electricity they need through large-scale solar power projects.

Hydrogen gas is formed by absorbing electrons. The reaction is shown in the figure below

The reaction that occurs at the cathode-

2H20 + 2e -> H2 (g) + 2 OH (aq).

Electrons through the bizarre reaction in the anode

Removed oxygen is produced.

2H20 (I) -> 02 (g) + 4 e + 4H *

Hydrogen gas and humans generated above

Emitted carbon dioxide again

Thermal water (H20)

And methane (CH4) is formed. Water

Leaving methane gas out as waste

Is given.

CO2 + 4H2 - CH4 + 2H20 + energy

This is how astronauts get the oxygen they need.